Halfling nomads
Halflings are a people without a home. They wander through the kingdoms of taller races, never staying to long in one location, always searching for a place to make their own.
Halflings refer to themselves as the Erhavas, which roughly translates into "the folk". To them, family is everything. Lacking a homeland, they turn to each other for stability and security, both physical and emotional. Their society is organized into caravans, each consisting of several extended families. They travel in special wagons pulled by ponies. Each wagon is brightly colored (as is all halfling dress), and they are often covered in carvings, either of geometric patterns, plant life, or animals, according to the inhabitants. (plot point: the PCs encounter a caravan whose wagons are completely white, they would know then that something was not right) The interiors of the wagons are also lavishly decorated, with silk pillows, surfaces inlaid with semi-precious stones (or perhaps just glass, depending on the wealth of the owner).
Halflings are seen by others cheerful, welcoming folk, always ready with a drink and some food for those visiting a caravan. They do this as a form of self-defense, to make those whose lands they are passing through more at ease with their presence. Because they are so giving, it is seldom noticed, until after they are gone, that the halflings never let anyone see what is inside the wagons. In deed, while the halflings may spin tales and sing for hours, they never reveal much about themselves at all. This need for privacy has lead to a host of rumors about halflings, not many of them flattering.
(possible plot points: the PCs must stop a gang of misguided youths from attacking a caravan based on false rumor; or the PCs need to retrieve some item they believe is in a halfling wagon)
Each caravan is lead by a Chief Drover, who is elected by the heads of the comprising families. The Chief Drover leads until his (or her, the Erhavas are an egalitarian society) death, or until they lose the confidence of the caravan members. In either case, a special meeting of elders is held, and a new Chief Drover is chosen. Often, this choice has already been made, informally, through campfire gossip and talks over tea. It has been know, however, for a caravan to split if no agreement can be made.
Once a decade or so, multiple caravans will converge upon one location. This meeting (called a taramine) is an occasion of great celebration. The days are filled with sports (halflings are fond of bocce ball, lacrosse, and polo from dog-back), dances (including the bowl dance), and feasts. Nights are given over drinking, more dancing, and storytelling. This meeting is a chance for exchange, of goods, information, and affections. Almost all halfling courtships are begun at the taramine.
This meeting of caravans is not only an event of significance to the halflings, but it is also a destinations for non-halflings. Humans of one kingdom may linger around the campfires of caravans that frequent a rival land, gleaning intelligence on the state of their enemy, without the risk of actually espionage. Forbiden goods may be passed across borders, as well as fugitives. Thrill seekers may attend a taramine wishing to hear any new rumors of adventure. Often, human nobles will go in disguise to a taramine, just to experience a festival where they are treated as regular people (for what ever reason they would wish that).
(plot points: the PCs need to get into a hostile kingdom, and seek help from the halflings; an item of great power has been stolen by known halflings, and the PCs need to get to it before it is passed off to another, unknown caravan; an inportant noble has gone missing, and they were last known to be going to a taramine, did something happen there, or was it elsewhere (most likely on the road))
Halfling caravans follow the laws of whatever kingdom they may be passing through, but they also have their own code. The First Law of the Erhavas is: Do Not Betray the Caravan. If halflings cannot trust the members of their own caravan (that is, their family), then they are vulnerable. Betrayal can include, but is not limited to: stealing from or cheating caravan members, causing physical or emotional harm to members, impeding the progress of the caravan’s travel, alerting hostile factions to the caravan’s presence or movement. The definition is determined by the Chief Drover, and so varies from caravan to caravan. The Second Law of the Erhavas concerns conduct between halflings and other folk. It is, simply, Don’t Get Caught. Halflings will forgive almost any behavior towards outsiders, as long as it does not bring unwanted attention to the caravan.
Halflings are known throughout the kingdoms as excellent woodworkers and textile makers. In towns, settled halflings take up occupations such as wood carvers, tailors, weavers, or similar. Travelling halflings sell finished wooden objects (bowls, cups, statuary), clothing, or bolts of brightly colored cloth.
The other great industry of the halflings is entertainment. Halflings are born storytellers, natural singers, and extraordinary dancers. They practice their singing via way chants, songs sung to keep the pace as the caravan travels. When they arrive in a village, they often set up a stage (if one is not available in a tavern), and sing songs and tell stories for coin. The performances usually end with a performance of the halfling bowl dance, wherein a dancer begins with one bowl upon her head (they are almost always female), and more bowls are added as the music tempo increases. (Often, wagers are placed against the number of bowls reached before the dancer looses balance. It is a great source of revenue for the halflings.)
Halflings prefer to use diplomacy to avoid fighting, but when necessary, they are courageous fighters. They make great use of mounted archery, firing from the backs of riding dogs, rarely staying in one spot, denying the enemy a chance to fire back.
Halflings have a special fondness for dogs. They see a kinship between the loyalty of a dog pack and the loyalty within a caravan. It is not uncommon for a caravan to have as many dogs with it as it does halflings. An individual halfling my have a favorite canine (and the dogs may choose a favorite halfling), but the dogs belong to the caravan, if they can be said to belong to anyone, for they come and go as the please. (but again, if there were a total absence of dogs, it would be a clue that something is going wrong with the caravan)
Halfling religion, as with everything else, centers on family, specifically, ancestors. Halflings believe that if they pay proper respect and reverence to their ancestors, then the ancestors will watch over their descendants. Each caravan has at least one official patron ancestor, usually a particularly notable Chief Drover, waychanter, or someone who did something extraordinary in service of the caravan. Each family will then have its own ancestors that it will call upon in times of need. The belief among halfling priests is that any spell effect is in actuality the action of one or more of their deceased loved ones intervening on their behalf.
Wagon propulsion: wagon axels and wheels could be under an "animate object" spell, turning with of their own power, or, they could be pulled by clockwork or otherwise inorganic ponies (perhaps wooden pony amatures, carved and articulated, then animated with magic)
Canine affinity: what if their love of dogs stems from the fact that a percentage of halflings are natural animagi, that is, they can assume the shape of a dog at will
If anyone ever were to see beyond the curtain that hangs in the wagon doorways, they would see not the comfortably appointed apartment that they would expect. Instead, they would find a portal to world beyond. You see, halflings are not native to our world. They are fey creatures, coming from the same world as sprites and pixies. Further, they do not reproduce sexually, and so have to steal human children, take them through the portals, where their ears become pointed and they stop aging physically. They stay there for a few years (or maybe to them it is only a few days, time could move differently there), then are allowed to return to this world, after anyone who could have identified they has died, or at least forgotten them.
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? Responses (9)

Well, isn't this basically how DnD since the 3rd edition portrays halflings?
(hence why I suggested to post first in the forum, to polish it before it makes front page)

That is where I took my starting point, yes, but the rulebooks give it one paragraph and move on. What I was trying to do was fill in what the rulebooks left out, to give some spice to the basic recipe, if you will.
Beyond that seed the idea, I thought that this was fairly polished. It gives, I believe, a fairly concise snapshot of halfling culture, at least enough for a player to know what is expected of a character. Further, it provides a framework on which I can hang any expanded explanations (which I do have planned).
I also thought, that if one does not like halflings, it wouldn't be that difficult to turn this into a human culture of nomads.
That's why I skipped the forum on this one. I will use it for others, so I wasn't completely ignoring your advice, I just thought this was a finished product.

Other than the quibble of where I got the idea, what else do you think of it? What could be stated more clearly, what areas could be expanded? (I do plan on extending their belief system and the waychanting).

Simply put, this is an elaboration on the basic DnD setting, which cannot be blamed for excess ingenuity. Don't take this the wrong way, but I'd like to see something new, special... and the basic DnD halflings have their own chapter in the... Races of... Destiny? Or races of the Wild, or whatever. So, my 0.02$ would be - if you write them up, you may as well make them something special. As for a race/culture write-up in general, go to greater breadth, depth and allocate space to topics according to story potential and importnace. So far, you may consider it a finished product, but not one I'd a) use b) rate highly.

I freely admit that this is nothing more than an expansion to the basic D&D setting, but I am writing, primarily, for a group that is playing D&D. However, we do not have the Races of X rulebooks, (indeed, I didn't even know of their existence). I am trying to come up with a setting that is internally consistent, and that possesses at least the appearance of life beyond the PCs. Since my players already know (or think they know) what to expect, I have to choose when to throw something truly innovative at them. The background of the halflings is not the place.
I started with the halflings in particular because I am fond of playing them, so I have come up with most of this stuff throughout campaigns where I was a player, and I am putting it all together for inclusion into the worldpack that I will be distributing to the players.
I can (and I suppose I should) go into more breadth/depth in certain areas, but I do not want to tax the willingness of my friends to read through too much writing. I would rather have something short, basic, and read than something that is long, detailed, and ultimately ignored.
I actually do have some plots to go along with the existence of the halflings. Would it help if I posted what I was planing on doing with them?

Update: (edited to include possible story points)

Update: changed status from 'normal post' to 'unfinished: advice requested'
Specifically, where should I go into greater detail? What other bits can I add (or at least, where should I add them, since I could probably come up with some myself) to make this more interesting, yet not so foreign my players can't grasp it without study?

If you want to make this compatible with the base DnD, yet interesting, build upon existing stuff and make it interesting and inventive.
Let's take a look:
a) The caravan: let's face it, painted wagons pulled by whatever have been done a million times. Screw this.
For example, Dragon Age made a simple change to the nomad elves - their wagons have sails. Hooray, originality!
But this is DnD.
So we can get ridiculous, yes?
Leomund's Tiny Huts taken to the extreme!
Apparently, while halflings are rarely archmages, they DO have skill at enchanting, in groups, permanent versions of the various DnD housing spells.
If you really want to put it in rules, you can go like this: 'Feat: Halfling Travel-House-Builder... if X halflings with this feat gather for X days, they can enchant a permanent version of (housing spell).
It may be limited in use to avoid flooding the market with portable housing.
So, a halfling caravan stops, and they deploy a town. Some have portable cottages, some portable palisades, some even a portable tower or great gathering hall. PCs go to sleep on a plain, they wake up in a halfling town. Poof.
Alternatively, they may have sodding wagons, but they are bigger inside, or connected with portals if close to each other, or...
b) Stealing:
Yay, they are gypsies and they steal, who would have guessed.
Let's face it, laws governing gypsies were - justified, mind you - very strict. Caught misbehaving once, evicted, twice, hanged.
Fantasy, being feudal, would not be kinder to halflings.
So... how come they're not kicked in the behind everywhere they go? How come anyone cares about their +2 charisma?
Halfling Powder Bombs.
They are not easy to make and quite expensive, but when a halfling is caught, he may use one to bedazzle and befuddle pursuers, and induce short-term memory loss, sufficient to wipe a minute.
Thus, halflings maintain a profile as charming traveling people, carefully keeping public relations. And all the missing stuff? Coincidence.
Or, more mundanely, they may have strike teams to wipe evidence.
c) Biology: halflings have 1/8 of the weight of a human, yet 1/4 of his surface. They will lose warmth quickly, and be often hungry. You can play this up.

You know, I actually considered having the wagons be carved into the shape of a ship, so that if the caravan came to a lake or whatnot, they did not have to go around, but could just keep on going. Adding sails, of course, to make up for the lack of ponies. I didn't realize it had been done.
I also played with the idea of having the wagons be bigger on the inside, but I have a lot of Doctor Who fans at the table, and I didn't want them making 'TARDIS' comments all the time.
I like the portable town idea.
What if the wagons aren't pulled by anything, but have some sort of 'animate object' spell placed upon the wheels or axels, allowing them to move freely?
I had originally wanted to keep the campaign sort of low(er) magic, but I guess I could just get silly with it.